Onicycosis or nail fungus is a common fungal disease that is often confused with a cosmetic defect.However, unlike cosmetic pathologies, the treatment of onychomycosis is a complex and prolonged process, which covers not only the external manifestation of the disease, but also internal.In addition, they can be infected with almost any public place.But especially in order.
Causes of nail fungus
The main cause of nail fungus is yeast and mold.They multiply very quickly, which leads to the destruction of the nail plate.In turn, there are many situations in which these fungi can enter the skin and nails of human legs.Among such situations, it is worth highlighting some of the most common:
- Visit a public pool without special shoes;
- Use of another person's shoes;
- Not complement with leg hygiene;
- Reduction of human immunity, etc.
Public pools are often a fungal cane.A large number of infected people come here to swim and do not comply with hygiene rules.As a result, healthy people are subject to a significant risk of infection.
The same risk arises if we take, which is called "rent", the shoes of another person.After all, few admit that it is infected with a fungus.But the non -compound with leg hygiene can be called one of the most common causes of infection with nail fungus.Hyperhidrosis and the lack of will to wash their legs lead to the fact that microbes appear on the skin and nails that develop rapidly in a humid environment.As a result of this, not only the nail plate occurs, but also the skin of the legs.
Reducing immunity is not so much a reason as the factor that accompanies infection.In other words, all the above reasons can become more significant if the immunity of a person is reduced.And many factors can reduce it, starting with bad habits to the use of antimicrobial medications.
Nail fungus symptoms
How does the nail fungus manifest in different stages of development?The symptoms are quite specific, so it is worth telling in stages according to the degree of damage to the nail:
- In the initial stages of the infection, a muddy area appears in the nail.It can be located in the center, next to or on the edge of the nail plate.In this case, the type of fungus of the causal agent of the disease is manifested.
- Full damage to nail plate.The whole nail becomes cloudy, the light stripes appear in it.The nail surface begins to change, softness disappears.
- Detachment.After the whole nail fell under the influence of the fungus, it begins to increase in thickness.Little by little, its structure becomes porous.The free edge begins to get up and get away from the finger.
- The appearance of cracks on the skin of the legs.After the whole nail has already modified, the fungus gradually begins to change the skin.And the first areas that fall under the influence of microbes are the areas between the fingers.
According to these symptoms, a person can independently determine the presence of nail fungi.However, if the first signs of the disease have appeared, then you must immediately communicate with a specialist.
Diagnosis of nail fungus
However, a doctor, like the patient, is enough for a look to understand that the nails of the legs are fanned by the fungus.And the essence of diagnosis in this case is to determine the type of exciter fungus.At the moment, four types of nail fungi are known, which differ among them in the nature of the manifestation:
- Superficial white.This type of fungus is one of the least dangerous and simple in terms of treatment.With so much onychomycosis, only the upper surface of the nail occurs.There is no stratification, the nail does not separate from the skin.
- Distal fungus subgend.This species is almost completely opposite to the previous type.Infect the lower nail surface, from there and start destroying the nail plate.An increase in the thickness of the nail, the separation of the skin of the skin;In this case, all these symptoms will necessarily appear.
- Sub -geo fungus proximal.This type of fungus acts in two directions: damage to the nail plate and skin lesion.It appears along the cuticle in the nail and extends in both directions, that is, in the nail and in the skin.The proximal fungus is one of the most dangerous and complex in terms of treatment with a fungus.
- Total distribution fungus.This fungus is the result of one of the previous species.It develops when the nail plate is already completely destroyed, the skin was produced around the nail.It is manifested by inflammatory processes in the skin, accompanied by the accumulation of purulent masses.
Despite the fact that the symptoms of nail fungus are quite peculiar, which allows you to easily diagnose the disease, you still need to contact a doctor.Only a doctor can understand the causes of the infection, determine the degree of injury, choose the correct course of the treatment.
Prevention
Like any other disease, onychomycosis is easier to prevent the cure.In addition, the preventive measures here are quite simple and accessible to all.First, this is the observance of leg hygiene.In addition, there are a number of events that will allow, if not avoiding infection, significantly reduce the risk:
- The use of special cosmetics to eliminate sweating and excessive moisture from the legs.It is also necessary to use moisturizers if the skin of the feet is too dry.This will help avoid cracks and irritations.
- Use shoes in public pools, do not wear another person's shoes.
- Wash and clean your legs regularly.It is worth paying attention to the areas between the fingers.Here it is necessary to periodically disinfect the use of alcohol or cosmetic solutions.
- Regularly disinfected the bathroom, shoes, land, etc.
- Maintain immunity.No matter how primitive sounds, but all previous preventive measures can be meaningless if immunity is so much reduced that microbes cannot resist.Regular use of vitamins, walks in fresh air, sports will help maintain their own body protection at the proper level.
If the prevention was not observed or did not help, when the fungus of the nails is detected for the first time, it is necessary to immediately proceed to its treatment.Ideally, the doctor prescribes a combined treatment course, which consists of external medicines, medications for oral administration.But you must tell yourself more about this.
Nail fungus treatment
Nail fungus is one of the most complex diseases in terms of treatment.This is simply explained: fungus spores constantly mutate and adapt to changing conditions.In other words, if any specific treatment did not produce the desired effect in the first weeks, it is likely that this method includes drugs, to which the fungus easily produces immunity.That is why the treatment must include several methods at the same time.
In the first place, it should be understood that the fungus of the nails should be treated not only with external medications, although the main emphasis is on them.The treatment of nail fungus should include taking medications aimed at restoring intestinal microflora and vitamins aimed at restoring immunity.
So, the treatment of nail fungus should take place on four planes:
- Local drugs (ointments, gels, varnishes, etc.);
- Antifungal drugs;
- Gastrointestinal tract medications;
- Media groups to maintain and improve immunity.
Each of these planes has its own popular means that have already demonstrated their effectiveness and have a significant demand.These are these drugs that will be discussed more thoroughly.
Local drugs
Local drugs include all drugs that are in contact directly with the place of damage, that is, with a nail.The main mission is entrusted: eliminate a cosmetic defect and the destruction of the fungus spores.In the early stages of the disease and small areas of injury, treatment can only be limited only by local medications.
By the way, it is important to remember that when it is infected with a fungus, you must be careful that the nail always remains dry.This will slow down the reproduction and development of the infection, because bacteria multiply more actively in a humid environment.
Antimicotic drugs
These drugs are produced in the form of capsules or tablets.As a general rule, the duration of such drugs is 3 months to six months.They are prescribed only after determining the type of fungal pathogen.
All drugs aimed at combating nail fungus are divided into several groups depending on the active substance.
Gastrointestinal tract medications
Taking any drugs in most cases ends with a violation of the functions of intestinal microflora and the gastrointestinal tract.In particular, antibiotics destroy non -pathogenic bacteria, which take an active part in the digestive process.The symptoms of microflora disorders can be the following signs:
- Rapes of feces (constipation or diarrhea);
- Swelling and gas formation;
- Pain and discomfort in the abdomen;
- External disorders, such as an eruption in the skin, an increase in hair loss, nail fragility and hair.
Microflora can be recovered independently, but this process will take a long time.That is why any treatment with antimicrobial antimicrobial medications must be accompanied by drugs to restore microflora.
The preparations destined to restore microflora are combined in a large group called "prebiotics."The essence of its action lies in the population of the digestive tract by bacteria, which restore normal microflora and inhibit the negative effect of harmful microorganisms.The main "good" bacteria that are part of the prebiotics are the following:
- Bifidobacteria;
- Lactobacilli;
- Enterococci;
- Lactic acid streptococcus;
- Nepathogenic types of E. coli;
- Some types of yeast fungi.
These bacteria, entering the intestines, perform several functions at the same time:
- Develop substances that can withstand infections;
- Eliminate the capacity of harmful bacteria to delay in the digestive tract;
- Destroy toxins and prevent its absorption in the blood;
- Improve the protective functions of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract;
- Produce vitamins B;
- Produce antibodies of certain viruses.
By the way, if certain conditions or contraindications do not allow you to take prebiotics, they can be replaced by certain products that contain beneficial bacteria.First, these are dairy products, yogurts and fruits.
To date, several groups of prebiotics have been created, which differ from each other by bacteria contained in them.So, these groups are the most famous representatives in them:
- Preparations with bifidobacteria;
- Preparations with lactobateria;
- Preparations with colibacteria;
- Complex drugs.They contain bifidobacteria and lactobacilos.
The modern food industry also offers a series of products that contain bifidobacteria and lactobacilos.They are regularly announced on television, and stores have a wide selection of their tastes and types.
Immunity restoration drugs
The immune system of a healthy person can independently fight the pathogenic microflora.However, finding an absolutely healthy person with a perfect immunity today is almost impossible.Transferred diseases, poor quality nutrition, conditions of its harmful surroundings, taking certain drugs, all this leads to a violation of the natural protection of the body.Therefore, to accelerate recovery with onylomycosis, it is necessary to pay attention to this side of the problem.
At this time, there are a lot of medications to restore the immune system, and all differ significantly.Consider some of them:
- Synthetic immunomodulators;
- Microbial immunomodulators;
- Bone marrow immunomodulators;
- Thimic immunomodulators;
- Chemical immunomodulators;
- Plant immunomodulators.
Microbial immunomodulators act as a simulator of the immune system.They restore local and general immunity, which allows you to completely destroy viruses and exclude greater body infection.
Chemical medications are aimed at the production of proteins through the body, which is capable of resisting the virus.Preparations can also be taken to restore immunity.And to keep it.In addition, the first effect appears immediately after taking and intensifying within a few months after consumption.
Temporary preparations are aimed at developing T cells, which are responsible for the confrontation of virus attacks.Bosomedical medications are produced by mediators, which in turn restore all indicators of the immune system.
Plant preparations include extracts and extracts of plants and herbs that have healing and restoration properties.The most popular are plants such as blueberries, ginseng, raspberries, lemon, sea swords, San Juan, orthigne, clover, equinacea, etc.
Traditional medicine in the fight against nail fungi
There is a considerable number of people who avoid the use of drugs, explaining this for damage, the content of chemical elements in them and other causes.That is why in this article we will talk about some of the most effective methods to combat the fungus of the nail of traditional medicine.
Nail fungus vinegar
Vinegar is a powerful disinfector, so in the fight against nail fungus it has found widely used.In addition, the vinegar treatment course is relatively short and quite simple.To prepare the solution, it is necessary to mix 9% vinegar with water in a proportion of 1 to 8, that is, add 8 parts of pure water to 1 part of vinegar.For men, the amount of water can be reduced 2 times, because they have skin, as a rule, for women.
Before using the solution, the legs and nails must be steamed.To do this, they must immerse themselves in a basin with warm water and hold until the skin becomes tuberous.After that, the legs must immerse themselves in a bowl with prepared vinegar.Keep them 15 to 20 minutes.If the solution burns the skin, then the procedure must be reduced.
The course of treatment lasts only two weeks.In this case, the procedures must be carried out once every two days.After that, the nails begin to separate, and the new ones grow in their place.If the disease is in an advanced stage, then the course should be repeated 1-2 times up to a complete recovery.
Iodine: the fungus will pass
The course of nail fungus treatment with iodine is approximately 3 weeks.Two procedures must be carried out per day.It is advisable to do this in the morning and at night.For treatment, lubricate damaged nail plates.
By the way, doctors recommend applying iodine to healthy nail plates, because under them, an infection can occur, which is invisible to the human eye.Doctors also point out that burning in the application area may mean that this treatment benefits.
Nail fungus tar
For the treatment of nail fungus, drugs based on birch tar can be used.It can be 10 or 30 %ointments, or drugs with a birch tar.In addition, the drug can be prepared independently.
To prepare tar, it is necessary to take a cube with holes at the bottom, fold a birch bark and hang a cube on another cube or pots.The process of obtaining tar is quite long and thorough, but as a result it will obtain a high quality product without impurities.
The tar treatment course is 2 weeks.To do this, a birch tar is applied to the affected nails, the finger is wrapped in polyethylene.After three or four hours, wash the tar.Apply the medicine 1-2 times a day, depending on the degree of damage.If after the first year the complete recovery did not occur, after a week the course must be repeated.
Vodka will help
Another popular disinfector is vodka.It can be used both for treatment and to prevent nail fungus.To prepare the solution, it is necessary to take a glass of vodka, half a teaspoon of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and a teaspoon of lemon juice or citric acid.Mix all components thoroughly.After that, the solution must be left in a cool place for 4-5 days.After that, the solution can be considered ready.
For treatment, it is necessary to soak the cotton cotton with the resulting solution, apply it to the damaged nail and leave it for several minutes.After that, it must be eliminated, the nail cannot be cleaned.The procedure can be carried out up to 5 times a day.The duration of the course can be anyone and ends with a complete recovery.
CELANDINE AND SODA FOOD
Celandine is one of the most powerful in the fight against plant infections.In pharmacies, Ceandine is represented in several types at the same time: grass, solution, extract, oil.In our case, Cepia oil will be needed.Before the procedure, it is necessary to clean the nails and legs.To do this, prepare a solution: two tablespoons per liter of warm water.Mix well and immerse yourself in the resulting solution for 15-20 minutes.After that, you must clean the legs and apply Cepia oil to the affected nail.
It is important to remember that Celandine oil should be applied very carefully.If you enter the skin, you can let it bake or irritation.
Celandine's treatment can be anyone and ends with a complete recovery.
These are the main methods to combat nail fungus.In this article, we talk about all kinds of treatment and prevention of onychomycosis.In conclusion, we can only add that when the first symptoms of the fungus appear, a doctor should immediately consult, because healing the disease in the early stages is much easier than those advanced.